Also, it is the anti-bonding orbitals that are involved in the cleavage of the molecular bond.įirst, let’s consider the example of the hydrogen molecule. What is the difference between a bonding orbital and an anti-bonding orbital? It is literally the bonding orbitals that are involved in the bonding of the molecule. On the other hand, LUMO stands for Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital, and LUMO refers to anti-bonding orbitals. HOMO stands for Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital, and HOMO refers to a bonding orbital. Once we understand that electrons have properties as waves and that they enhance or cancel each ‘s properties, we can understand the concept of HOMO and LUMO. Difference Between Bonding and Anti-bonding Orbitals Rather, we can understand that electrons are a type of wave. The term “wave function” can be difficult for us to understand. On the other hand, when waves of opposite phase are combined, they cancel each other out, and no vibration occurs. When waves of the same phase are combined, the waves become larger because they overlap with each other. Electrons are a type of wave, and we use the wave function.Īs you can see from the waves in the ocean, the waves ripple up and down. In quantum mechanics, it is represented by a wave function.
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